Pharmacognosy 2 Unit 2: Secondary Metabolites (Handwritten Notes)
Download comprehensive PDF notes covering various secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, volatile oils, and more. Includes detailed chemistry, biosources, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications of medicinal plants. Perfect for pharmacy students seeking handwritten notes, PPT presentations, and study materials.
Keywords: pharmacognosy PDF download, secondary metabolites notes, alkaloids study material, herbal chemistry PPT, medicinal plants applications, pharmacy handwritten notes, plant glycosides PDF, volatile oils chemistry.
Comprehensive Guide to Secondary Metabolites in Pharmacognosy
1. Alkaloids
- Vinca: Contains vincristine and vinblastine used in cancer therapy
- Rauwolfia: Source of anti-hypertensive reserpine
- Belladonna: Atropine for ophthalmic uses
- Opium: Morphine and codeine for pain management
2. Phenylpropanoids & Flavonoids
- Lignans: Antioxidant properties in flaxseed
- Tea: Catechins with cardioprotective effects
- Ruta: Rutin for vascular disorders
3. Steroids & Triterpenoids
- Liquorice: Glycyrrhizin in peptic ulcers
- Dioscorea: Diosgenin for steroid synthesis
- Digitalis: Digoxin for heart failure
4. Volatile Oils
- Mentha: Menthol in topical analgesics
- Clove: Eugenol in dentistry
- Cinnamon: Cinnamaldehyde as antimicrobial
5. Glycosides & Resins
- Senna: Sennosides as laxatives
- Guggul: Hypolipidemic guggulsterones
- Asafoetida: Antispasmodic resin
6. Specialized Metabolites
- Artemisia: Artemisinin for malaria
- Taxus: Paclitaxel in cancer therapy
- Carotenoids: Antioxidant pigments
The notes cover 600+ words detailing chemical structures, biosynthetic pathways, quality control parameters, and modern applications in drug development for each category of secondary metabolites.
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