Extraction Methods: Hand Written Notes
Subject: Pharmacognosy 2
Semester: Fifth Semester (Sem 5)
Course: Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm)
Download comprehensive PDF notes covering various extraction methods used in pharmacognosy. Includes detailed explanations of solid-liquid extraction, liquid-liquid extraction, and key terminology like menstrum, marc, and miscella. Essential resource for B.Pharm students studying extraction processes in semester 5.
Keywords: extraction methods PDF, pharmacognosy notes download, solvent extraction techniques, herbal drug preparation, sem 5 pharmacy notes, B.Pharm study material
Comprehensive Guide to Extraction Methods in Pharmacognosy
Extraction methods form the foundation of phytopharmaceutical preparations, enabling separation of active constituents from crude drugs. These detailed notes cover...
Fundamental Principles
The extraction process involves treating plant/animal material with specific solvents to dissolve medicinally active constituents while leaving insoluble components intact. This mass transfer process depends on factors like:
- Temperature control
- Agitation methods
- Particle size reduction
- Solvent selection
Types of Extraction
Solid-Liquid Extraction
Process where solid drug material is treated with liquid solvent to dissolve active components. Common techniques include:
- Maceration
- Percolation
- Digestion
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Separation technique using two immiscible liquids where desired constituents partition between phases. Key applications include:
- Essential oil isolation
- Alkaloid purification
- Fractionation of glycosides
Key Terminology
- Menstrum
- Solvent or solvent mixture used for extraction
- Miscella
- Solution containing extracted substances
- Marc
- Insoluble residue left after extraction
- Lixiviation
- Water-based extraction process
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