Antifungal Agents
Handwritten Notes on Antifungal Agents:
- Antifungal Antibiotics: Amphotericin-B, Nystatin, Natamycin, Griseofulvin
- Synthetic Antifungal Agents: Clotrimazole, Econazole, Butoconazole, Oxiconazole, Tioconazole, Miconazole*, Ketoconazole, Terconazole, Itraconazole, Fluconazole, Naftifine hydrochloride, Tolnaftate*
Detail Explanation
Antifungal agents are a diverse group of compounds used to treat fungal infections in humans. They can be broadly classified into two categories: antifungal antibiotics and synthetic antifungal agents.
Antifungal antibiotics, such as Amphotericin-B, Nystatin, and Natamycin, are derived from natural sources and work primarily by disrupting fungal cell membranes. Griseofulvin, another antifungal antibiotic, inhibits fungal cell division by interfering with microtubule function.
Synthetic antifungal agents are chemically synthesized compounds with diverse mechanisms of action. Azole antifungals like Clotrimazole, Econazole, and Ketoconazole inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Allylamines, such as Naftifine hydrochloride and Tolnaftate, block the enzyme squalene epoxidase, disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis.
These antifungal agents are crucial for treating a wide range of fungal infections, from superficial conditions like athlete's foot and ringworm to systemic infections caused by opportunistic fungi. Proper selection and usage of antifungal agents ensure effective treatment and improved patient outcomes.
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