Anti-protozoal Agents
Handwritten Notes on Anti-protozoal Agents:
- Metronidazole*
- Tinidazole
- Ornidazole
- Diloxanide
- Iodoquinol
- Pentamidine Isethionate
- Atovaquone
- Eflornithine
Detailed Explanation
Anti-protozoal agents are pharmaceutical drugs used to treat infections caused by protozoan parasites. These agents work by disrupting various biochemical processes that are essential for the survival and reproduction of protozoa.
Metronidazole is one of the most commonly used anti-protozoal drugs. It is effective against anaerobic protozoa and bacteria, making it the drug of choice for conditions such as amoebiasis, giardiasis, and trichomoniasis. Tinidazole and Ornidazole are similar to Metronidazole and are often used as alternatives due to their longer half-life.
Diloxanide is primarily used for the treatment of asymptomatic amoebiasis. Iodoquinol, another luminal agent, is effective against intestinal amoebiasis.
Pentamidine Isethionate is used for the treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and as a secondary treatment for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). Atovaquone is an effective option for malaria and toxoplasmosis when combined with other agents like proguanil.
Eflornithine is a newer agent used to treat late-stage African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.
Proper administration of these agents, in conjunction with supportive care, ensures the effective treatment of protozoan infections and minimizes resistance development.
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