DRATE CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM PDF | PPT
Keywords: Rate Controlled Drug Delivery System, Sustained Release, Controlled Release, Advantages, Disadvantages, Types, Download PDF, Notes, PowerPoint Presentation (PPT).
This document provides comprehensive notes on Rate Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (DDS), including comparisons between sustained release and controlled release systems, their advantages and disadvantages, and detailed classifications of various types of DDS. It is an essential resource for students, researchers, and professionals in pharmaceutical sciences.
DRATE CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM PDF | PPT
SUSTAINED RELEASE Vs CONTROLLED RELEASE
Drug delivery systems are broadly classified into two categories: Sustained Release and Controlled Release. While both aim to prolong drug action, they differ in their mechanisms:
- Sustained Release: Delivers the drug over an extended period but lacks precise control over the release rate.
- Controlled Release: Ensures a predictable and consistent release of the drug at a predetermined rate, location, and time.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages
- Prolonged Therapeutic Effect: Reduces dosing frequency, improving patient compliance.
- Reduced Side Effects: Minimizes fluctuations in drug concentration, reducing toxicity.
- Improved Efficacy: Maintains optimal drug levels in the bloodstream.
- Targeted Delivery: Enhances drug delivery to specific sites, minimizing systemic exposure.
Disadvantages
- Complex Formulation: Requires advanced technology and expertise.
- Costly Production: High development and manufacturing costs.
- Limited Drug Candidates: Only drugs with specific physicochemical properties can be used.
- Potential for Overdose: If the system fails, excessive drug release may occur.
TYPES OF RATE CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
I. RATE-PREPROGRAMMED DDS
These systems are designed to release drugs at a pre-determined rate, independent of external factors.
- A. Polymer Membrane Permeation Controlled DDS: Drug release is controlled by diffusion through a polymer membrane.
- B. Polymer Matrix-Diffusion Controlled DDS: Drug is embedded in a polymer matrix, and release occurs via diffusion.
- C. Microreservoir-Partition Controlled DDS: Drug is encapsulated in microreservoirs, and release depends on partitioning between phases.
II. ACTIVATION-MODULATED DDS
These systems require an external stimulus to trigger drug release.
- A. Physical Means: Includes stimuli like temperature, light, or ultrasound.
- B. Chemical Means: Involves pH changes or chemical reactions.
- C. Biochemical Means: Relies on enzymatic activity or other biochemical triggers.
III. FEEDBACK REGULATED DDS
These systems respond dynamically to physiological feedback signals.
- A. Bioerosion-Regulated DDS: Drug release is controlled by the degradation of the carrier material.
- B. Bioresponsive DDS: Responds to specific biological markers, such as glucose levels.
- C. Self-Regulating DDS: Adjusts drug release based on internal conditions.
IV. SITE-SPECIFIC DDS
These systems deliver drugs to specific target sites, minimizing systemic exposure.
- Applications: Used in cancer therapy, gastrointestinal diseases, and localized infections.
Future Trends
The future of rate-controlled drug delivery lies in integrating advanced technologies, such as nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and biodegradable materials. These innovations will enhance precision, safety, and efficacy, paving the way for personalized medicine.
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